What condition characterized by a white to light bluish gray ring forms around the cornea due to cholesterol?

The condition described is arcus senilis, which is characterized by the appearance of a white to light bluish-gray ring around the cornea. This ring is composed of deposits of cholesterol and other lipids that accumulate in the outer margins of the cornea as a person ages.

Arcus senilis is commonly found in older adults, but it can also occur at a younger age in individuals with high cholesterol levels or other lipid disorders. The presence of this ring is often a benign finding in elderly individuals; however, it can also indicate an underlying systemic condition related to cholesterol metabolism, making it clinically relevant.

The other options do not relate to a ring formation around the cornea: macular degeneration affects the central part of the retina and leads to vision loss; amblyopia is a developmental problem with one eye, often referred to as "lazy eye"; and anisocoria refers to unequal pupil sizes, which is unrelated to the corneal changes seen in arcus senilis.